DELIVERING ON RECIPROCAL TRADE: President Donald J. Trump announced a trade deal that will provide Americans with unprecedented levels of market access. The United States and the Kingdom of Thailand (Thailand) agreed to a Framework for an Agreement on Reciprocal Trade, which will strengthen our bilateral relationship and provide American exporters with access to Thailand’s market while bolstering U.S. national and economic security.
Key terms of the U.S.-Thailand Agreement on Reciprocal Trade will include:
- Tariffs:
- Thailand will eliminate tariffs on 99 percent of goods, covering a full range of U.S. industrial and food and agricultural products.
- The United States will maintain a 19 percent reciprocal tariff rate for imports of Thailand and will identify products from the list set out in Annex III, to Executive Order 14346 of September 5, 2025, Potential Tariff Adjustments for Aligned Partners, to receive a zero percent reciprocal tariff rate.
- Breaking Down Non-Tariff Barriers for U.S. Industrial Exports: Thailand has committed to addressing barriers to U.S. exports, including by: (1) accepting U.S. manufactured vehicles manufactured to comply with U.S. federal motor vehicle safety and emissions standards; (2) accepting U.S. Food and Drug Administration certificates and prior marketing authorizations for medical devices and pharmaceuticals as sufficient to meet Thailand’s requirements; (3) issuing import permits for U.S. ethanol for fuel; (4) amending its customs laws to remove the customs reward system related to customs breaches and penalties; and (5) adopting and implementing good regulatory practices.
- Breaking Down Non-Tariff Barriers for U.S. Agriculture Exports: Thailand will address and prevent barriers to U.S. food and agricultural products in the Thai market, including by: (1) expediting access for U.S. Food Safety and Inspection Service-certified meat and poultry products; (2) addressing trade irritants and ensure requirements imposed on U.S. horticultural products, including for distiller dried grains with solubles, are science- and risk-based; and (3) accepting currently agreed certificates issued by U.S. regulatory authorities.
- Removing Barriers for Digital Trade, Services, and Investment: The United States and Thailand will finalize commitments to address barriers impacting digital trade, services, and investment, including: (1) refraining from imposing digital services taxes or measures that discriminate against U.S. digital services or digital products; (2) ensuring the free transfer of data across trusted borders for the conduct of business; (3) supporting a permanent moratorium on customs duties on electronic transmissions at the WTO; (4) refraining from imposing screen quotas for film; (5) removing in-country processing requirements for all domestic retail electronic payment transactions for debit cards issued in Thailand; and (6) easing foreign ownership restrictions for U.S. investment in Thailand’s telecommunications sector.
- Protecting and Enforcing Intellectual Property: The United States and Thailand will finalize commitments on intellectual property, including on geographical indications. Thailand commits to resolve long-standing intellectual property issues, including regarding enforcement against trademark counterfeiting and copyright piracy, rogue collective management organizations, circumvention of technological protection measures, and the patent backlog.
- Strengthening Economic Security Alignment: The United States and Thailand are committed to strengthening cooperation to increase supply chain resilience. This includes taking complementary actions to address unfair trade policies and practices of third parties, cooperating on export controls and investment security, and addressing duty evasion.
- Strengthening Labor Protections: Thailand has committed to improving protections of internationally recognized labor rights, including by working to amend its law to strengthen protections for workers’ rights to freedom of association and collective bargaining; and strengthening enforcement of labor laws including by addressing violations in sectors with a high risk for forced labor and child labor.
- Strengthening Environmental Enforcement: Thailand has committed to adopt and maintain high levels of environmental protection and to effectively enforce its environmental laws.
- Notching Commercial Deals: United States and Thailand take note of the forthcoming commercial deals between U.S. and Thai companies in the agriculture, energy, and aviation sectors, including: (1) purchase of agriculture products including feed corn, soybean meal, and dried distiller grains with solubles with an estimated value of $2.6 billion per year; (2) purchases of energy products, including liquefied natural gas, crude oil, and ethane, with an estimated value of $5.4 billion per year, and (3) procurement of 80 U.S. aircraft, totaling $18.8 billion.
THE PROSPEROUS PATH FORWARD: In the coming weeks, the United States and Thailand will continue negotiations and finalize the Agreement on Reciprocal Trade in order to lock in benefits for American businesses.
- The Agreement will enable U.S. farmers, ranchers, fishers, and manufacturers, and small businesses to increase U.S. exports, and expand business opportunities, and it will help reduce the goods trade deficit with Thailand.
- The United States currently runs its 11th largest goods trade deficit with Thailand. The U.S. total goods trade deficit was $45 billion in 2024.
LIBERATING AMERICA FROM UNFAIR TRADE PRACTICES: President Trump challenged the assumption that American workers and businesses must tolerate unfair trade practices that have disadvantaged them for decades and contributed to our historic trade deficit.
- On April 2, President Trump declared a national emergency in response to the unprecedented threat caused to the United States by the large and persistent U.S. trade deficit caused by a lack of reciprocity in our bilateral trade relationships, disparate unfair tariff rates and non-tariff barriers, and U.S. trading partners’ economic policies that suppress domestic wages and consumption.
- President Trump continues to advance the interests of the American people and our agricultural sector by removing tariff and non-tariff barriers and expanding market access for American exporters.
- Today’s announcement provides a tangible path forward with Thailand that underscores the President’s dedication to bringing balanced, reciprocal trade with an important trading partner.
